Sebastian Schwarz studied at the School of Dramatic Arts "Ernst Busch" in Berlin, where he worked at various theaters in the city, including the Deutsches Theater, during his studies. He appeared in productions such as Danton's death in 2007 and The Glass Menagerie in 2006.
In 2008, Schwarz became a permanent member of the theater in Berlin, where he was influenced by artistic director Thomas Ostermeier. He appeared in several productions, including Hamlet, The Cut, and John Gabriel Borkman, which was directed by Ostermeier and premiered in December 2008.
Schwarz's performance in John Gabriel Borkman was acclaimed in France and he received a "Performance of the Year" award. He also appeared in Die Tauben, a comedy written by David Giesel, and in productions of Friedrich Hebbel's Nibelungen, Edward Bond's Saved, and Brecht's The Good Person of Szechwan.
In 2010, Schwarz appeared in the play Perplex, which was written by Marius von Mayenburg and premiered in November of that year.
Schwarz made his film debut in 2007 with the film Polska Love Serenade, which was nominated for the Max Ophüls Prize. He also developed and moderated a quiz format called Babel Fish with Georg Uecker, and designed the stage for the comedy Zack and Dave with David Ruland.
Schwarz currently lives in Berlin.