Here is the requested biography of Winston Churchill:
Born in Blenheim Palace, the residence of his grandfather, the 7th Duke of Marlborough, Churchill's father was the Duke's third son, Lord Randolph Churchill, and his mother, Jennie Jerome, was the daughter of an American financier. After attending famous English public schools such as Harrow, Churchill pursued a life in the army, fighting in various parts of the British Empire until 1900 when he won the Conservative seat in Oldham in the general election. From 1900 to 1929, he held various offices in British Parliament.
The 1930s saw the rise of fascism in Europe, with dictators such as Italy's Benito Mussolini, Germany's Adolf Hitler, and Spain's Francisco Franco. When and UK the France declared war on Germany in 1939, Neville Chamberlain was British Prime Minister. However, after Hitler's forces invaded Holland, Belgium, and Luxembourg, Chamberlain recommended the King ask Churchill to succeed him as Prime Minister. Churchill made a famous speech on May 13, 1940, stating, "You ask: 'What is our policy?' I will say: 'It is to wage war by sea, land and air, with all our might and with all the strength that God can give us: to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark lamentable catalog of human crime.' That is our policy. You ask: 'What is our aim?' I can answer in one word: 'Victory! Victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory however long and hard the road may be; for without victory there is no survival.'"
The United States officially entered the war after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and Churchill was thrilled with the news. As the war progressed, he remained Prime Minister, leading the country to victory. He lost the 1945 general election by a landslide, but was re-elected in 1951 despite receiving fewer votes than Labour. Due to deteriorating health, Churchill retired in 1955 and died at Hyde Park Gate, London, on January 24, 1965, at the age of 90. His daughter Mary wrote to him on his deathbed, "I owe you what every Englishman, woman, and child owes you - liberty itself."
As one of the most significant British politicians of the 20th century, Churchill remains one of the country's most widely recognized figures. He has been portrayed by numerous actors on screen, including Robert Hardy, Albert Finney, and Gary Oldman. Churchill was also an author and a prolific artist, painting over 500 canvases and exhibiting at the Royal Academy and in Paris.
